Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a movement disorder that shares similar symptoms with Parkinson’s disease (PD) but the severity greatly differs. Many areas of the brain are affected that control movement, mood, automatic functions such as blood pressure and bladder control. The progression varies for each person but generally progresses more rapidly and more severe than PD. MSA is sometimes referred to as an atypical Parkinsons, parkinsonism and Shy-Drager.
Symptoms
Some characteristic symptoms that differ from PD are low blood pressure, rapidly fluctuating low and high blood pressure, fainting, urine incontinence, constipation and impotence problems early in the disease. Similar symptoms with PD include slowness, stiffness, walking problems and imbalance. Mood problems can also occur but thinking related function is usually mildly affected.
Cause
The cause is unknown and can occur in middle and late age in both men and women.
Treatment
Medical treatment is limited for MSA and patient comfort is a priority. Levodopa can provide some relief of slowness and stiffness in some patients. Benefit should be considered in the setting of side effects as Levodopa and other PD medications can affect and lower the blood pressure. Treatment focuses on safety, monitoring for complications of the disease and optimization of mood related problems.
Recognition of fall risk leads to referrals to rehabilitation specialists who provide practical interventions to improve quality of life and safety. Falls can occur from imbalance while walking or fainting from low blood pressure. Rehabilitation specialists also provide guidance and therapy for coping with the changes that interfere with daily routines. Pneumonia from swallowing problems and traumatic falls are common causes of loss of life. Speech and swallowing specialists help with communication and treatment of swallowing problems. Physical therapy focuses on strength, walking, flexibility and safety. Occupational therapy focuses on home safety, optimizing function with adaptive devices. Social work consultation can be a significant resource for care partners.
For More Information
The Shy-Drager Syndrome and Multiple System Atrophy Support Group
Attn: Don Summers
P.O. Box 279
Austin, Coupland, TX 78615
Tel: 866.737.4999